Model Military Airplanes - After the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, the United States called The Office of Naval Aeronautics to work, not recruiting artists or young adults, but school children. Across the country, children were asked to build 500,000 scale airplanes to help millions of civilians and soldiers tell friend from foe during World War II.
"Your country needs scale aircraft for emergencies," reads the public call for model models. "They will not be used in a demonstration gallery or to demonstrate their free time manual work. They will serve a very specific purpose. They will be used to train military personnel to understand aircraft and the determination of ranges in gunnery. These models they are also important in the training of civilians to detect enemy aircraft, which is very important in human defense.
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These "reconnaissance models" (also known as "ID" or "spotter" models) are very important in combat operations. Some were detailed for use in educational films or as signals, but many were simply painted black to create a silhouette. These helped familiarize observers with aircraft components from all angles.
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Due to war shortages, most of the models were made of non-strategic materials. Some are made of wood by school children - others by model companies, artists and cartoonists from paper, cardboard, concrete or extruded plastic.
Complete models have been used in military settings to teach soldiers to quickly familiarize themselves with all types of aircraft. But they also helped train civilian observers — domestic volunteers who watch the skies and track planes, friendly or otherwise, throughout American airspace.
In the Great War, British pilots were expected to distinguish friendly aircraft from enemy aircraft only by markings and colors. In the development of the air war, the flaws of this approach became obvious - sometimes the German fighters mistakenly thought that they were allies, when they mistakenly shot down the French opponents.
According to a British guide in 1917, "Even a trained observer can tell the difference between an enemy machine and a friendly machine at a distance of not less than 5000 yards" - something great for mechanical divisions - "even for interdiction - The art of aviation is important to see the plane on a clear day at intervals not less than 10,000 yards ", more than five kilometers away.
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This level of knowledge requires identification in terms of shape, and this led to training with images and drawings (many silhouettes from above, front, side, etc. angle). And although some examples emerged during World War I, it wasn't until World War II that the science of three-dimensional recognition really took off.
The newspaper explained the importance of knowing the time of the air war: "In other wars, it is not important. The soldiers in the War between the States only had to know the color of the enemy's uniform and start shooting.
"The knowledge of the speed of the aircraft entering the new war was taken by experts in the First World War and several small books were published. But until the time when the shooting began in the Second World War, nothing intelligence was done. problem and nobody thought it was important.
During the Second World War, the celebration increased in civilian and military contexts. Disney created coding training videos using templates. Tru-Vue Stereoscopes shows 3D plans sold by millions. Target kites and aerial photography began to fly.
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Commercial space games also appeared, from cue cards to board games like Spot-A-Plane, in which players progressed by accurately identifying planes.
And while the US Navy has never officially used games to train soldiers, the lines between gaming and war have been blurred in the world of simulations - sold by developers. Scales 1:72 similar to those made for training purposes. In Britain, many children who were part of the "Skybird League" during the war became fighter pilots in the Royal Air Force during the Second World War.
, it is important for observers to be able to see a "whole" and "can, through continuous actions, recognize that thing (plane, tank, ship, etc...) from an angle".
At first, the WEFT marking system based on parts (meaning: wings, engine, fuselage and tail) was easy to train, but it took time - inspectors had to know and then put the parts together to make the whole. This approach was later discarded in favor of a holistic recognition approach, which aims to speed up the identification process using pattern recognition capabilities. U
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Training is useful for strengthening theaters of war. But after the German submarine attack on the East Coast and the Japanese artillery on the West Coast, the volunteers of the Ground Observer Corps on the American continent also found importance.
As the war continued, school model making spread outside the United States, north to Canada (where children modeled for the Royal Canadian Air Force) and south to Ecuador, Guatemala, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay and Brazil.
Like the Allied forces, the Axis powers modeled warships, including (and beyond) aircraft. Above: a German tank model, a Japanese wooden ship model box and a painted boat.
As more and more Americans traveled to meet loyal British troops and help repopulate Europe, the Inter-Services Training Committee expanded its training. In preparation for Operation Overlord (aka the Battle of Normandy), the Royal Observation Corps trained Seaplane identifiers to work with the U.S. and the British Navy - celebrating Allied cooperation on D-Day.
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I believe these are from the 1960s, although I can't find the exact dates.
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1. United States Air Force 0043 USAF - "muscle arms holding arrows" decals near nose and star
These old toys are in damaged condition - some toys, storage and decorative elements. See images for exact specifications. Selling as usual.
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Many elephants like this beautiful stuffed animal are beautifully made. This calf (3115) shows his happy childlike nature as he tries to figure out his body. When he tries to identify the physical characteristics, he turns himself into a position that the older members of his gang cannot. Nice design. Like all "Herd" elephants, this little one shows style. You will see that it looks like a photo book, but seeing it in person will fill you with joy! When you roll your hands, you will be surprised how much the child must be woven by the artist in this little one!
This is another amazing copy! Better than the description. The binding is good, the edges are not faded, and the pages are not. I was very happy to see a beautiful version of this work of Sidney. Very happy with the book and the service.
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